EXERCCIO 3
Distancia entre cidades
1.
matrix.ex = matrix(,4,4)
cidades = ("Atenas", "Madri", "Paris", "Estocolmo")
colnames (matrix.ex) = cidades
rownames (matrix.ex) = cidades
matrix.ex [lower.tri(matrix.ex)]= c(3949, 3000, 3927, 1273, 3188, 1827)
matrix.ex

2.
eurodist
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Criando um data frame
1.
cor= c("Claro", "Escuro")
dieta= c("A", "B", "C")
var= c(0.1, 1.1, 3.7, 5.7, -1.2, -1.5, 3.0, -0.4, 0.6, 1.5, -0.1, 2.0, 0.6, -3.0, -0.3, -0.2, 0.3, 1.5)
dataframe = data.frame(rep(cor,each=9), rep(dieta,each=3, times=2), var, check.names=FALSE)
colnames(dataframe)= c("Cor","Dieta","Var")

2.
tapply (dataframe$Var, INDEX=dataframe$Dieta, FUN=mean)
tapply (dataframe$Var, INDEX=dataframe$Cor, FUN=mean)

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Criando uma Matrix
1.
matrix.ex3 = matrix(rnorm (15, 10, sd=sqrt(3.6)), ncol=5)
2.
rownames (matrix.ex3) = paste("L",1:3)
colnames (matrix.ex3) = paste("C",1:5)
3.
medias = c(apply(X=matrix.ex3, MARGIN=2, FUN=mean), apply(X=matrix.ex3, MARGIN=1, FUN=mean))
vars = c(apply(X=matrix.ex3, MARGIN=2, FUN=var), apply(X=matrix.ex3, MARGIN=1, FUN=var))
medvar.matrix = data.frame(medias, vars)
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Lendo e salvando seus dados

chiro= read.table("chiro.csv", header=T, sep="\t", row.name=1)
summary(chiro$Bal..Municipal)
 > summary(chiro$Bal..Sol)
 > summary(chiro$ Bal..Gordo)
 > summary(chiro$Ibira)
 > summary(chiro$Ilha..Padre)
 > summary(chiro$Ilha.Bonita)

chiro$Bal..Municipal = as.numeric(chiro$Bal..Municipal)
municipal=chiro[chiro$Bal..Municipal > 1,c(2,7)]
write.table (municipal, file="municipal.txt", sep="\t", row.names=FALSE)
municipal

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Classes de objetos

class(iris)
class(iris3)

tapply(iris$comprimento.sepala, iris$especies, mean)
tapply(iris$largura.sepala, iris$especies, mean)
tapply(iris$comprimento.petala, iris$especies, mean)
tapply(iris$largura.petala, iris$especies, mean)

apply(iris3, c(2,3), mean)

names(iris) = c("comprimento.sepala", "largura.sepala", "comprimento.petala", "largura.petala", "especies")

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Acrescentando dados de Sntese

1-bioarvo=read.table("bioarvo.csv", header=T, sep=",", as.is=TRUE)
head(bioarvo)
2- summary(bioarvo)
3- bioarvo$somabio = bioarvo$folha+bioarvo$tronco
4- bioarvo$abasal=(pi/4)*(bioarvo$dap^2)
5- abasaltt= tapply(bioarvo$abasal, INDEX=bioarvo$talhao, FUN=sum)
6- mabasalt= tapply(bioarvo$abasal, INDEX=bioarvo$talhao, FUN=mean)
7- diam10 = bioarvo[c(bioarvo$ht>10),]
8- write.table(diam10, file="diam10.txt", sep="\t", row.names=FALSE)
